Commission on Civil Rights, Washington, DC. (1983). Intimidation and Violence: Racial and Religious Bigotry in America. Clearinghouse Publication 77. This is a study of recent acts of violence perpetrated against racial, ethnic, and religious minorities in the United States, based upon information provided by State civil rights advisory committees and data from publications, reports, and the news media. At the outset, it is noted that the Ku Klux Klan, neo-Nazi, and other extremist groups which openly advocate racist and discriminatory beliefs still exist despite efforts to eradicate them. The report then analyzes probable causes and contributing circumstances (especially economic factors) in bigotry-bred violence and identifies responses to this problem, including education and public awareness, improved police intervention, legislative initiatives, and fair media coverage. In conclusion, five suggestions are made as to the responsibilities of Federal and State authorities, the criminal justice system, parents, educators, religious leaders, the Department of Justice, and the nation's President to combat racial and religious bigotry.   [More]  Descriptors: Anti Semitism, Civil Rights, Civil Rights Legislation, Economic Factors

Southern Poverty Law Center, Montgomery, AL. (1987). "Move-In" Violence: White Resistance to Neighborhood Integration in the 1980's. Special Report. Racist violence has followed the migration of minority families to the suburbs as intransigent whites resort to arson and other violence to preserve racially segregated neighborhoods. A study of this phenomenon of "move-in violence" for the years 1985-86 found it to be a serious, under-reported social problem nationwide. In cases where arrests have been made it has been found that the perpetrators were not members of such groups as the Ku Klux Klan or the neo-Nazis, and evidence suggests that the problem is as acute in the North and West, areas not traditionally associated with violent racism, as in the South. The report describes specific cases in Louisville, Baltimore, Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, and other cities, and reports that white racist violence has targeted other minorities besides blacks. Nonetheless, the potential for white-on-black, southern violence remains strong, especially in certain southern rural counties. Because it appears that violent racism is being revived, the creation of a nationwide law enforcement reporting system to keep record of hate violence incidents is recommended. The participation of Federal law enforcement agencies in this system is critical, and more State and city police agencies must develop record-keeping procedures. Furthermore, it is recommended that laws against intimidations in which no bodily injuries result (cross-burning, etc.) be upgraded from misdemeanors to felonies. Appended is a list of serious move-in incidents, 1985-86, giving date, place, and nature of incident. Descriptors: Blacks, Crime, Migration, Minority Groups

Koronaiou, Alexandra; Sakellariou, Alexandros (2017). Women and Golden Dawn: Reproducing the Nationalist Habitus, Gender and Education. This article focuses on the place and role of women in the ideology of the Greek neo-Nazi political party Golden Dawn (GD). The article considers the place of women in GD's ideology as well as how GD envisages the role of women in society. It asks whether this vision of women's role is reflected in the participation of women in the party's activities. Based on a content analysis of material derived from the party's official websites, it is argued that women play a key role in GD's ideological edifice. This is evident in the party's concern with the construction of a "nationalist habitus" for women. This habitus is rooted in ideas of anti-feminism, motherhood and family and the primacy of nation and nationalist sentiment in determining women's lives.   [More]  Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Females, Ideology, Nationalism

Zirkel, Perry A. (1998). Hostile Environment? Courtside, Phi Delta Kappan. Describes extensive litigation resulting from a geography teacher's characterization of a German-American student as a neo-Nazi. Making a federal case out of this matter was misguided, though "hostile atmosphere" litigation is increasing. Parents could have pursued administrative action through the board of education. Umbrella "hate speech" policies raise the competing interest of free expression and are vulnerable to constitutional challenges. Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Court Litigation, Intermediate Grades, Labeling (of Persons)

Furin, Terrance L. (2007). Confronting a Neo-Nazi Hate Group, School Administrator. The peaceful quiet that often accompanies the warming of a mid-April morning in a rural/suburban school district outside Philadelphia was broken harshly when several alarmed high school students arrived at school with Neo-Nazi flyers. The flyers were designed to recruit new members into a hate group calling itself the Pottstown SS. In addition, the group attempted a show of strength by calling for a boycott by students of all the district's schools to commemorate the anniversary of Heinrich Himmler's death. The flyer contained a rough drawing of Himmler, chief of the German police, flanked by swastikas and twin thunder/lightning bolts meant to replicate the dreaded SS insignia. Dramatically, one of a superintendent's most-dreaded nightmares is a community upheaval fed by rampant rumors and fears of violence caused by a clash between students and members of an organized group. This article describes the author's experience as a former superintendent near Philadelphia in finding teachable moments for a community in crisis through the creation of a public pedagogy.   [More]  Descriptors: Suburban Schools, Superintendents, High School Students, Rural Areas

Moffit, Gisela (2000). Stereotyping in "Damals war es Friedrich" and "Brandstiftung.", Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German. Discusses the use of young adult books in teaching high school and college-level German, particularly "Damals war es Friedrich" and "Brandstiftung." The didactic intentions of these books are to inform younger adults about the Nazi periods of the past and the Neo-nazi resurgence of the present, encourage them to confront the issues, and to take a personal stand against discrimination, violence, and xenophobia. Descriptors: Foreign Language Books, German, High Schools, Higher Education

Riddlesperger, James W., Jr.; Jackson, Donald W. (1991). Support for Civil Liberties among Texas Educators, Social Education. Surveys levels of political tolerance among 152 U.S. government teachers and 96 social studies coordinators in Texas. Investigates attitudes toward various groups (e.g., neo-Nazis), and whether respondents felt that even disliked groups should be accorded their civil liberties. Concludes majority of these educators practiced what they taught. Includes tables showing survey data. Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Civil Liberties, Democratic Values, Department Heads

Holz, Josephine R. (1983). Mass Communication and the Development of a Shared Social Reality: The Neo-Nazi March in Skokie. A study examined the role of the mass media in the development of people's conceptions about a neo-Nazi march planned for Skokie, Illinois, in 1978. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not and in what respects different types of people had developed common conceptions about the event and what role the mass media played in that development. A content analysis of reports from newspapers, televised newscasts, and national newsmagazines revealed that while there were differences in the amounts of coverage given to the march, the relative emphasis on various aspects of the event was similar across the different media. A telephone survey of approximately 200 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania residents conducted just prior to the march, found that while respondents differed in awareness, interest, and opinions about it, according to religion, education, and age, they shared a number of similar conceptions and beliefs about the event. These conceptions were similar to the explicit and implicit messages about the march communicated by the mass media. (Extensive tables of data are included.) Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Attitudes, Communication Research

Ball, Terence; Dagger, Richard (1997). Inside "The Turner Diaries": neo-Nazi Scripture, PS: Political Science and Politics. Describes the content of the fictional "Turner Diaries." Points out the antisemitic, racist, and antidemocratic aspects of the novel. Brings attention to the role of the "Diaries" to white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups in the United States. Also links the "Diaries" to Timothy McVeigh and the Oklahoma City (Oklahoma) bombing. Descriptors: Anti Semitism, Diaries, Ethnic Discrimination, Ideology

Canfield-Davis, Kathy; Gardiner, Mary E.; Joki, Russell A. (2009). Social Justice Leadership in Action: The Case of Tony Stewart, Journal of Ethnographic & Qualitative Research. Reflecting on the 140th anniversary of the Fourteenth Amendment (ratified July, 1868), this qualitative case study described a response by educator-activist Tony Stewart to the Aryan Nations, a neo-Nazi hate group that attempted to intimidate Stewart's community, Coeur d' Alene, Idaho, between 1972-2000. Stewart galvanized community response using a social justice agenda. We interviewed Stewart and essential community members, and examined legal documents, articles, and documentaries. Findings indicated Stewart's leadership of public education and response via an anti-racism task force reduced and then defeated the group's viability. Educational practices included strategic planning and community outreach. The study revealed a social justice response to hate groups that educators and community leaders potentially can replicate in similar situations.   [More]  Descriptors: Qualitative Research, Case Studies, Activism, Social Justice

Gillborn, David (2005). Education Policy as an Act of White Supremacy: Whiteness, Critical Race Theory and Education Reform, Journal of Education Policy. The paper presents an empirical analysis of education policy in England that is informed by recent developments in US critical theory. In particular, I draw on 'whiteness studies' and the application of critical race theory (CRT). These perspectives offer a new and radical way of conceptualizing the role of racism in education. Although the US literature has paid little or no regard to issues outside North America, I argue that a similar understanding of racism (as a multifaceted, deeply embedded, often taken-for-granted aspect of power relations) lies at the heart of recent attempts to understand institutional racism in the UK. Having set out the conceptual terrain in the first half of the paper, I then apply this approach to recent changes in the English education system to reveal the central role accorded the defence (and extension) of race inequity. Finally, the paper touches on the question of racism and intentionality: although race inequity may not be a planned and deliberate goal of education policy neither is it accidental. The patterning of racial advantage and inequity is structured in domination and its continuation represents a form of tacit intentionality on the part of white powerholders and policy-makers. It is in this sense that education policy is an act of white supremacy. Following others in the CRT tradition, therefore, the papers analysis concludes that the most dangerous form of ?white supremacy is not the obvious and extreme fascistic posturing of small neo-nazi groups, but rather the taken-for-granted routine privileging of white interests that goes unremarked in the political mainstream.   [More]  Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Critical Theory, Race, Educational Change

Clark, Cynthia M. (1992). Deviant Adolescent Subcultures: Assessment Strategies and Clinical Interventions, Adolescence. Presents assessment strategies, preventive methods, and clinical interventions to assist clinicians working with teenagers involved with deviant subcultures: Satanism, the neo-Nazi skinhead movement, and violent street gangs. Considers role of alienation as contributing factor in adolescents' participation in these subcultures. Advises therapists to be knowledgeable about adolescents' involvement, empathic to their circumstances, and sophisticated in approach to treatment. Descriptors: Adolescents, Alienation, Evaluation Methods, Intervention

Bengston, John K.; Marshik, Tesia T. (2007). An Ecological Study of Intersubjectivity and the Opening of Closed Minds, Journal of Educational Psychology. Two interpretive case studies are reported that investigate the intentionality of defensiveness versus open-mindedness in persons who hold flawed ideological beliefs. The 1st analyzes an academic authority's resistance to information that disconfirms a therapeutic intervention that he has been successfully promoting. His dissociation and narcissistic withdrawal contrasts with the 2nd case in which a neo-Nazi accepts shaming information about himself and his political ideology that leads him to forge a more integrated persona. The content and scenes of instruction in both cases are formally similar, but in the 2nd case there is an identification with the teacher and an interpersonal and philosophical vitality to their conversation that is credited as conducive to moral culpability, realism, and experiential enlightenment.   [More]  Descriptors: Ideology, Case Studies, Beliefs, Intention

DiPardo, Anne (2000). What a Little Hate Literature Will Do: "Cultural Issues" and the Emotional Aspect of School Change, Anthropology & Education Quarterly. Describes a cultural issues class, examining research on a high school responding to neo-Nazi incidents. Argues that by emphasizing international rather than local issues, the class depoliticized ethnic difference and ignored white privilege at the classroom, school, and community level. Traces this neutralizing urge to collective emotions of shame and guilt, which prompted efforts to bolster the school's reputation but prohibited critical exploration of inequity and conflict. Descriptors: Consciousness Raising, Cultural Awareness, Cultural Differences, Diversity (Student)

Cavanagh, Sean (2005). Internet Postings Linked to Student Highlight Interest in "Hate Groups": Experts Say Recruitment Efforts Targeting School-Age Youths, Education Week. In an Internet forum run by the Libertarian National Socialist Green Party, an organization espousing neo-Nazi views, Jeff Weise made his comments about the group in the year leading up to his deadly armed assault at Red Lake High School in Minnesota. The forum lists 34 postings written by the 16-year-old Native American youth. The commentary Mr. Weise is believed to have submitted to the site has drawn renewed attention to the influence of neo-Nazi and other extremist organizations in schools and among teenagers across the country. In this article, the author describes how the activities of "hate groups" have increased interest in such organizations among students in recent years, as well as an effort by those secretive communities to appeal to the precollegiate age group. According to Randy Blazak, an associate professor of sociology at Portland State University, extremists have modified their message to teenagers in recent years from outright advocacy of racism to a more subtle emphasis on the loss of ethnic identity in an increasingly diverse American society. These themes pervade the Internet postings believed to have been written by Mr. Weise.   [More]  Descriptors: Recruitment, Internet, Age, Ethnicity

Duhon, Gwendolyn M. (2002). Racism in the Classroom: Case Studies. This book presents 20 cases that address racism in one form or another. Many of the cases are from actual experience. They are intended to bring out actual or possible solutions so that student teachers, novice teachers, and seasoned teachers can find ideas for solving racist problems in their classrooms. The first part focuses on the early years, including cases on parent participation in a neo-Nazi group, cultural influences on parental reactions to student problems, name calling, and stereotypes. The second part focuses on the middle years, offering cases on such issues as cultural differences in expectations for girls, who is honored and why, the new student in class, and the socioeconomically disadvantaged. The third part looks at the high school years and presents cases on such issues as responding to racist comments; us versus them; mainstreaming, gangs, and racial differences; biracial feelings; historical discrimination; lessons learned from Pearl Harbor; who needs help on the PSAT; and reverse discrimination. The fourth section examines teacher education courses, offering cases related to gambling as a source of funding for schools, romanticizing an outlaw, the responsibility to recognize stereotyping, and tracking. Descriptors: Case Studies, Cultural Differences, Elementary Secondary Education, Ethnic Stereotypes

Rodden, John (1996). Return of the Pink Rabbit? A Visit to a Jewish School in Berlin, Journal of Curriculum and Supervision. Describes a day in the life of teachers and students at a Jewish elementary school in Berlin, Germany. On this 1994 mid-October morning, the school is under tight security, since skinheads began defacing Jewish graves, neo-Nazis started chanting in the streets, and Palestinian radicals began attacking German Jews. Education toward faith is the school's mission. Descriptors: Anti Semitism, Elementary Education, Foreign Countries, Ghettos