(1996). Celebrating Pluralism: Art, Education, and Cultural Diversity. Occasional Paper 5. After providing a historical context for art education, this text explores the implications for art education from the broad themes found in art across the cultures. Discussions focus on how art education programs promote cross cultural diversity in art, affirm and enhance self-esteem and pride in students' cultural heritage, and address issues of ethnocentricism, bias, stereotyping, prejudice, discrimination, and racism. Using discipline-based art education as a framework, the paper examines existing art education curricula and suggests ways to design and implement a curriculum for multicultural art education. Contains 211 references. (MM)…
(1996). With Numeracy for All: Urban Schools and the Reform of Mathematics Education. Urban Education, v30 n4 p379-94 Jan. Advocates that mathematics education reform in urban schools cannot happen without socioeconomic efforts to lessen poverty in inner cities and protect urban America's youth. The paper argues that the most successful reform initiatives will be holistic in nature and that the covert racism and ethnocentrism in educational materials that marginalizes, bores, and disillusions poor or minority students must end. (GR)…
(2000). School Inspection and Racial Justice: Challenges Facing OFSTED and Schools. MCT, v19 n1 p22-27 Aut. Describes research that examined how Great Britain's Office for Standards in Education (OFSTED) was fulfilling its responsibilities to raise standards by preventing and addressing racism in schools and how inspection framework requirements were reflected in inspection reports. Results confirmed that racial equality was not a key concern within OFSTED. There was inconsistency in how inspection teams handled racial issues. (SM)…
(2009). Rethinking Multicultural Education: Teaching for Racial and Cultural Justice. Rethinking Schools, Ltd Since the 1980s, "Rethinking Schools" magazine has been renowned for its commitment to racial equality in education. Now, "Rethinking Multicultural Education: Teaching for Racial and Cultural Justice" has collected the best Rethinking Schools articles that deal with race and culture. "Rethinking Multicultural Education" moves beyond a simplistic focus on heroes and holidays to demonstrate a powerful vision of anti-racist, social justice education. Practical, rich in story, and analytically sharp, "Rethinking Multicultural Education" reclaims multicultural education as part of a larger struggle for justice and against racism, colonization, and cultural oppression–in schools and society. This book contains four sections. Section I, Anti-Racist Orientations, contains the following: (1) Taking Multicultural, Anti-Racist Education Seriously: An interview with Enid Lee; (2) Origins of Multiculturalism (Christine Sleeter and Peter McLaren); (3) What… [Direct]
(2006). Wrestling with Race: The Implications of Integrative Antiracism Education for Immigrant ESL Youth. TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, v40 n3 p519-544 Sep. This article presents selected findings from a qualitative practitioner study into the learning experiences of 30 immigrant ESL high school students in a 3-day innovative, Freirean-styled, antidiscrimination leadership program. This case study is grounded in a social identity theoretical framework which assumes that linguistic interactions are not neutral nor is the right to be listened to universally accorded, but that these are linked to identity and structured through social power relations (including racism). In this article I first ask how students came to understand race and racism as they used the integrative antiracism analytical framework of the program to examine examples of discrimination from their personal experience. Second, I ask what implications their analysis had for their identity claims as immigrant ESL learners. The research argues for an understanding of racialized power dynamics as integral to social identity construction through English language learning,… [Direct]
(1995). Interview: Raymond Fairchild. Appalachian Journal, v22 n4 p392-406 Sum. Born in 1939 and raised in southwestern North Carolina, banjoist Raymond Fairchild discusses music, religion, the mountain life of his youth, education, racism, and politics from the unique perspective of one who "never did go to school enough to mess up none of my work." His firm belief in a self-made, self-educated person is reflected throughout. (TD)…
(2007). Education and Marginality: Race and Gender in Higher Education, 1940-1955. History of Education Quarterly, v47 n1 p69-91 Feb. Recent historiography has documented the singular contributions made by women to racial uplift and progress during the Jim Crow era. In these endeavors, women's contributions were greatly shaped by race, gender, and class. Given the feminization of education in the United States during this time, it is not surprising that their \race work\ was for a long time concentrated in the field of education. Although they operated within a predominantly female environment, they nevertheless encountered racism and sexism. Those with the most extensive formal education, that is, master and doctoral degrees, faced particular problems along with opportunities. Three dissertations written by black women who earned doctorates between 1940 and 1955 highlight the marginalization of women as a result of higher education. Many of these women understood their role of advancing the cause of racial progress to include expanding notions of the black woman's \place.\ The dissertations analyzed in this… [Direct]
(2009). Experiences of Black Women Who Persist to Graduation at Predominantly White Schools of Nursing. ProQuest LLC, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Orleans. This study was designed to explore the experiences of Black women who attended predominantly White nursing schools. A phenomenological design was used to investigate eight nurses who persisted through to graduation from their nursing programs in the 21st century. The study examined persistence through the lens of academic involvement, alienation, loneliness and isolation, culture, identity and fit, self-concept, and institutional climate and racism. In-depth interviews were conducted to answer the following questions: (1) What does it mean to be Black in a PWI? What are Black nurses' perceptions of the nursing school experience, (2) How did the Black culture fit in with the nursing education culture, (3) What factors influenced your persistence to completion of the program? van Manen's qualitative methods were used for data analysis. Interviews were recorded and transcribed and analyzed exegetically (test is organized around the literature review using the concepts that have… [Direct]
(2007). Closing the Gap through Professional Development: Implications for Reading Research. Reading Research Quarterly, v42 n3 p411-415 Jul-Sep. This article describes the National Urban Alliance for Effective Education (NUA), a nonprofit advocacy organization that engages with school communities through professional development to build relationships with educators, students, parents, and community stakeholders. NUA consultants are former and current university professors, former superintendents and principals, and classroom teachers with an average of 18 years' experience. The organization is currently involved with partnerships in 26 school systems in 8 cities across the United States. The goal for each site is to advocate for students in a manner that reverses the effects of institutional racism and improves life trajectories, working with district partners to close the achievement gap by reversing underachievement in urban youth and supporting administrators and faculty to increase student success. The NUA conducts rigorous internal professional development and evaluation procedures to ensure consistency of the goals,… [Direct]
(1997). Fifty Years of Segregation. Black Higher Education in Kentucky, 1904-1954. This book examines the history of 20th century racial segregation in Kentucky higher education, the last state in the South to enact legislation banning interracial education in private schools and the first to remove it. In five chapters and an epilogue, the book traces the growth of racism, the period of acceptance of racism, the black community's efforts for reform, the stresses of "separate and unequal," and the unrelenting pressure to desegregate Kentucky schools. Different tactics, ranging from community and religious organization support to legislative and legal measures, that were used for specific campaigns are described in detail. The final chapters of the book describe the struggles of college presidents faced with student turmoil, persistent societal resistance from whites (both locally and legislatively), and changing expectations, after the 1954 Supreme Court decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" broadened desegregation to all public schools and…
(1982). The Interplay between Racism and Sexism: Using Assertiveness Training Techniques to Reduce Racism. Both women and blacks are often seen as inferior, emotional, harmless, content in their places, and nonverbally submissive, and are subject to overt discrimination in education, employment, and politics. Assertiveness training, a popular means used by women to overcome or combat sexism, could be equally effective in combatting racism. Assertive behavior, in contrast to passive or aggressive behavior, occurs when one stands up for his or her legitimate rights without violating those of others. There are five barriers to assertive responses to racism: (1) a feeling of responsibility for another's feelings, (2) a feeling that self-assertion might make others angry, (3) lack of persistence, (4) fear of losing the approval of others, and (5) the belief that nonassertive behavior is polite and considerate. After recognizing these barriers, it is important to note specific verbal approaches that can be used to combat verbal examples of racism, including confrontational assertion, anger…
(1976). California Textbook Guidelines in Action. Bridge, 4, 3, 33-35, Jul 76. A writer on Asian American history and culture and a member of the California Board of Education's committee to evaluate textbooks argues that "publishers must learn to break the ethnocentric mold of their books on all levels…–an effective step against racism in the classroom is the participation of educators, parents and concerned people in the textbook adoption process." (Author/JM)…
(2003). Cross-Cultural Education in U.S. Medical Schools: Development of an Assessment Tool. Academic Medicine, v78 n6 p615-22 Jun. Medical schools were invited to provide written and Web-based materials related to implementing cross-cultural competency in their curricula. A tool was developed to measure teaching methods, skill sets, and eight content areas in cross-cultural education. Most programs emphasized teaching general themes, such as the doctor-patient relationship, socioeconomic status, and racism, along with specific cultural information. (EV)…
(1994). Dealing with Race: Laying Down Patterns for Multiculturalism in South Africa. Interchange, v25 n3 p281-94 Sep. On the basis of interviews with teachers in newly integrated South African schools, this article argues that the emerging form of multicultural education is characterized by a compromised critique: teachers encourage criticism of what is historically removed from South Africa but manifest an attitude of compliance with that which is immediate and relevant, leaving untouched racism in the curriculum. (SM)…
(2000). Education and the Lawrence Inquiry. MCT, v18 n2 p25-26,42 Spr. Examines Judge Macpherson's three recommendations regarding nondiscriminatory education 1 year after his inquiry into the murder of a black man and its botched investigation. Discusses what the recommended citizenship curriculum would offer, the impact of anti-bullying policies in schools, the effectiveness of inspection to determine whether Macpherson's recommendations are being implemented, and the prevalence of racism in British society. (SM)…